La bibliographie

Bridgwater, William (editor), The Columbia Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition, New York, Columbia University Press, 1963

Guerard, Albert, Napoleon III, New York, Alfred Knopf, 1955

Smith, W.H.C., Napoleon III, New York, St. Martin's Press, 1972

Tombs, Robert, France 1814-1914, New York, Longman, 1996